Porifera : General Characters and Examples, Multiple Choice questions: NEET
Porifera : Defination
These are invertebrate primitive multi cellular animal with cellular grade of organisation.
🌑General characters
🔴Members of this phylum are commonly known as sponges. They are generally marine and mostly asymmetrical animals.
🔴These are primitive multicellular animals and have cellular level of organisation.
🔴Sponges have a water transport or canal system.
🔴In canal system Water enters through minute pores called ostia in the body cavity named spongocoel, from where it goes out through the osculum.
🔴This pathway of water transport is helpful in food gathering, respiratory exchange and removal of waste.
🔴Choanocytes or collar cells line the spongocoel and the canals. Digestion is intracellular.
🔴The body is supported by a skeleton made up of spicules or spongin fibres.
🔴Sexes are not separate i.e. eggs and sperms are produced by the same individual.
🔴Sponges reproduce asexually by fragmentation and sexually by formation of gametes.
🔴Fertilisation is internal and development is indirect having a larval stage which is morphologically distinct from the adult.
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🔵Extra Shot of Poriferan Character
Archeocytes are totipotent cells in sponges and also called amoebeocytes. Thesocytes are cells in sponge which store food. Parenchymula is larval stage of sponges.
🟡Examples of Porifera🟡Sycon🔴Sycon is marine and also known as Scypha.🔴It is found to attach with rock, coral and molluscan shell.🔴Sycon has exoskeleton made up of spicules therefore it belong to class calcarea.🔴Sycon has ascon type of canal system. The path of water current is - Ostia - incurrent canal - Prosopyles - radial canal - apopyles - Spongocoel - osculum.🔴The length of Sycon varies from 2.5 to 7.6 cm. They have capability to regenerate their lost body part .🟡Euspongia🔴It is commonly called as Bath sponge because used in clearing tool.🔴It has exoskeleton made up of sponging fibre therefore it belong to class Demospongia. Spicules are absent in Euspongia.🔴It is found in Mediterranean sea as well as American. Sea coast.🔴Euspongia can reproduce sexually by internal Fertilization with indirect development.🔴It also reproduce asexually by fragmentation , budding and regeneration.🔴 It is globular in shape with numerous osculum mounted as well marked projection in canal.🟡Spongilla🔴It is commonly called as fresh water sponge and atteched with submerged plant, stick etc.🔴The body colour of spongilla depends on Zoo chlorella which is present as symbiotic partner with spongilla.🔴The body of spongilla is supported by both Spicules and sponging fibers.🔴It has a complex leucon type of canal system.The path of water current is - Ostia - incurrent canal - flagellated chamber- Excurrent canal - Spongocoel - osculum.🔴Spongilla can reproduce sexually by internal Fertilization with indirect development.🔴It also reproduce asexually by budding and gemmule formation.
1. Consider the following sentences and select the number of correct statements
1. Poriferan are called as Sponges.2. All sponges are found in marine water.3. Digestion in sponges are intracellular.4. Sponges are asymmetrical and primitive multicellular animals.5. Porifera are Diploblastic with cellular level of organisation.A. Two B. ThreeC. Four D. FiveAnswer : C2. Canal system is unique feature of Porifera that facilitate the path of waterA. Ostia - osculum - spongocoelB. Ostia - Spongocoel - OsculumC. Spongocoel - ostia - osculumD. Spongocoel - osculum - ostiaAnswer - B3. The minute pore on body of sponge through which water enters from outside called asA. ChoanocytesB. OsculumC. SpongocoelD. OstiaAnswer: D4. The body cavity of Sponges isA. Para gastric cavityB. SpongocoelC. Gastrovascular cavityD. Para gastric cavity and spongocoelAnswer : D5. Consider the following function of canal system and select the correct code:1. Food gathering2 Respiratory Exchange3. Removal of waterA. 1 and 2B. 2 and 3C. 1 and 3D. 1 ,2 and 3Answer : D6. Which one of the following body parts in sponges are lined by the choanocytes.A. Spongocoel and osculumB. Canals and ostiaC. Osculum and ostiaD. Spongocoel and CanalsAnswer : D7. Which one the following pairs is not correctly matched.A. Spongocoel : Para gastric cavityB. Canal system : Water transportC. Choanocytes : Collar cellsD. Osculum : Water EntersAnswer : D8. Body of sponges are supported by the exoskeleton made up ofA. SpiculesB . Spongin fibreC. Both Spicules and spongin fiberD. Neither Spicules nor spongin fiberAnswer : D9. Which one of following features is not associated with members of Sponges.A. Extracellular and intracellular DigestionB. Fertilization takes place inside the bodyC. Sperms and Eggs are produced by the same individualD. Asexual Reproduction by the fragmentationAnswer : A10. Which of the following statement is not correct.A. Larva of Porifera is morphological distinct from the adult.B. Saxes are Separate.C. Sexual reproduction takes place by fusion of gamete.D. Development is indirect.Answer : B11. Match the listA. Sycon 1. ScyphaB. Euspongia 2. Bath SpongeC. Spongilla 3. Fresh water spongeA B CA. 3 2 1B. 1 2 3C. 2 1 3D. 3 1 2Answer : B
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